Legalitas Aset dan Manajemen Lahan Sebagai Penguatan Reforma Agraria: Studi Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Petani Gurem

Radhityas Kharisma Nuryasinta; Padhina Pangestika

doi:10.31292/jta.v8i2.421

Authors

Radhityas Kharisma Nuryasinta Faculty of Law, Muhammadiyah Malang University, Indonesia
Padhina Pangestika Faculty of Law, Muhammadiyah Malang University, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31292/jta.v8i2.421

Keywords:

Reforma Agraria, Legalitas Aset, Manajemen Lahan, Petani Gurem

Abstract

This study examines the role of asset legality and land management in strengthening agrarian reform, particularly its impact on the welfare of smallholder farmers in Indonesia. The main objectives of this study are to evaluate the effectiveness of regulations that support farmer empowerment and to formulate an integrative strategy to promote sustainable agrarian justice. This study looks at laws and regulations, checks how they are put into practice, and measures how well these policies help reduce unfairness in owning and accessing land and resources. The results show that programs such as Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) play an important role in accelerating the legalization of land assets but have not fully addressed the challenges of legal uncertainty and weak land management. Legal land ownership has been shown to increase smallholder farmers' access to financing and subsidies, while effective land management contributes to increased productivity and sustainability. To realize inclusive agrarian reform, cross-sectoral synergy is needed through bureaucratic simplification, fair land redistribution, technical training, and strengthening the role of the National Land Agency (BPN) and developing a community-based land management model.

Penelitian ini mengkaji peran legalitas aset dan manajemen lahan dalam memperkuat reforma agraria, khususnya dampaknya terhadap kesejahteraan petani gurem di Indonesia. Tujuan utama studi ini adalah mengevaluasi efektivitas regulasi yang mendukung pemberdayaan petani serta merumuskan strategi integratif untuk mendorong keadilan agraria secara berkelanjutan. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan normatif-empiris dan metode deskriptif-analitis, dengan menganalisis peraturan perundang-undangan, mengevaluasi implementasinya di lapangan, dan menilai sejauh mana kebijakan mampu mengatasi ketimpangan kepemilikan serta akses terhadap sumber daya agraria. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program seperti Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) berperan penting dalam mempercepat legalisasi aset tanah, namun belum sepenuhnya menjawab tantangan ketidakpastian hukum dan lemahnya pengelolaan lahan. Kepemilikan tanah yang sah terbukti meningkatkan akses petani gurem terhadap pembiayaan dan subsidi, sementara manajemen lahan yang baik berkontribusi pada peningkatan produktivitas dan keberlanjutan. Untuk mewujudkan reforma agraria yang inklusif, diperlukan sinergi lintas sektor melalui penyederhanaan birokrasi, redistribusi tanah yang adil, pelatihan teknis, serta penguatan peran Badan Pertanahan Nasional (BPN) dan pengembangan model manajemen lahan berbasis komunitas.

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